A column kicker is also knowns as a column starter. The column kicker is constructed to provide the base for formwork. It gives exact column base alignment. After the construction of the column starter, the formwork can be placed immediately. The column kicker is the bottom part of the column so its length and width … Read more
Plaster is made of lime, water, & sand. Sometimes gypsum is used instead of lime. It is used for coating walls, columns, beams, ceilings. Plaster is used to protect the surface and enhance the aesthetics of a structure. Different types of paint can be applied on plastered surfaces. In this article, we will talk about … Read more
Introduction of Concrete Screed: A concrete screed is a mixture of water, cement, sand, and fine aggregates. The grain size of fine aggregate is 4 mm. Concrete screed is used to elevate floor level as per finishing requirements. Screed provided a surface suitable for installing the desired flooring. Screed is a type of plain concrete … Read more
In this article, we will describe the lap length of some popular structural members such as column, beam, and slab. Let’s get started! First, let’s get some idea about what is lap length! What Is Lap Length? The standard size of the reinforcement bar is 12 meters. This is the length of the reinforcement bar … Read more
Lightweight concrete is a special type of concrete made of lightweight coarse aggregate. Sometimes lightweight fine aggregate is used instead of lightweight coarse aggregate. The density of lightweight concrete is 1440 to 1840 kg/m³. Lightweight concrete is made by using lightweight aggregates or low-density materials such as volcanic pumice, clay, slate, shale, scoria, tuff. If the density of … Read more
California Bearing Ratio test or CBR is used to calculate the strength of the material for pavement design. CBR test is the test that was developed by the California state highway department of the USA for the determination of subgrade strength of highway and air-filled pavement. It is a penetration test. In this test, a … Read more
The reinforced concrete beam which is constructed on the ground level is known as the grade beam. Mostly it is used to connect pile caps in pile foundation. The functions of a grade beam are very different from a wall footing because a grade beam is designed for bending. A grade beam is normally a … Read more
A floating slab is a concrete slab that rests over the ground surface without any anchoring. As the name suggests, it resembles a plate that is simply laid over the water, without any connection between them. Floating slabs are concrete slabs that are laying over the ground, with practically no anchor supports, as though it … Read more
Concrete release agents are coating added on the surface of the formwork before pouring concrete. It helps to allow quick removal of formwork. The concrete releasing agent provides a smooth finished surface. Make sure that there should not be no debris in the mixed concrete. Concrete release agents comprise a mix of mineral oil, ester/plant … Read more
In this type of footing, at least two columns are supported in a row and a common foundation is provided. A combined footing is provided when the bearing capacity of the soil is low and required more surface area. Basically, It is made of reinforced cement concrete (R.C.C). Combined footing distributes the load from the superstructure to … Read more