Variations in construction contracts is an alteration in the main contract. It is also known as variation order or change order. Most projects have a variation clause in the main contract. Variations is done at the pre-defined prices. All construction projects need variation at some point. A sample change order is shown below. Changes to … Read more
Today we will learn about air entraining admixtures. Let’s Start! Introduction Of Air Entraining Admixtures Air entrainment is the intentional addition of little air bubbles into concrete or other cementitious materials. Air entraining admixtures are special ingredients that are added to the concrete mix to produce these bubbles. The key work of air entrainment is … Read more
What Is Final Payment Certificate? Final payment certificate is an important document in construction. Final payment certificate is an indication of work completion by the contractor. It is raised by the contractor after rectification of all patent defects. This certificate is the proof that all payments due to the contractor have been paid. Description The … Read more
What Is Arc Culvert? Arc shaped culvert is known as arc culvert. It can be precast or cast in situe. This types of culverts normally used for wide spans and embankments in the main channel of a river. Straight banks and mounds are used as a foundation material to construct arc culvert. They are often … Read more
In this article, I will describe difference between condo and apartment in a very simple way. The main difference between two is ownership. It is very important to know the difference between condo and apartment before taking a house on rent. Condo and apartment have some similarities like same lifestyle, facilities and living space. Condo … Read more
What Is Influence Line Diagram? Influence line diagram is a technique to represents variation in response, shear, moment, or deflection at a specific point as a focused force moves over the structural member. Influence line is used to indicate the magnitude of response, shear, moment, or deflection for the corresponding point in a structure. Once … Read more
Introduction Of Concrete Retarder Concrete retarder is an external additives that retard the hardening of cement pastes and also delay the hardening of cement-containing mixtures such as mortar and concrete. Purpose Of Concrete Retarder Adding a retarder to a concrete mix can allow it to set up to an hour later. The hot climate causes … Read more
Definition: A hydraulic jump is a sudden change in the height of water. It often happens when water flows over a weir or sluice gate and forms a “foaming front.” It is similar to a shock wave. Description Hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that happens when a fast-moving liquid in an open channel, such as … Read more
Introduction Of Geopolymer Concrete Geopolymer concrete is an environmentally friendly concrete. It is made from waste materials such as fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. Geopolymer concrete is an alternative to traditional Portland cement concrete. Geopolymer concrete does not emit greenhouse gases. Composition The following elements are required for the manufacture of this … Read more
What Is Road Marking? Road marking is the line on the road to help drivers and control traffic. These are white and yellow lines on the road. Various patterns and words are used to guide users on the road. See the below image of road marking. Importance Of Road Marking Road lines are important because … Read more