Heavy construction equipment is used to make construction work faster. This equipment saves lots of time and money. The selection of various types of construction equipment depends upon the size of the project.
If the size of the construction projects is small then fewer numbers of heavy equipment are bused but for big construction projects more heavy construction equipment is required.
In this article, I have described all the heavy equipment used in the construction industry.
Table of Contents
Types of Different Heavy Construction Equipment
- Excavators
- Cranes
- Backhoe
- Forklift
- Bulldozers
- Compactors
- Telehandlers
- Feller Bunchers
- Dump Trucks
- Pile Boring Machine
- Pile Driving Machin
- Paver
- Wheel Tractor Scraper
- Trencher
- Loaders
- Dragline Excavator
1. Excavators
Excavators are important and widely used equipment in the construction industry. Its main purpose is excavation, but there are many other uses, including lifting heavy objects, demolition, dredging, and cutting down trees. The excavator includes a long arm and a cabinet. An excavation bucket is provided at the end of the long boom and a cabinet for the machine operator is provided. The entire cabin structure can be rotated 360° for easy operation.
2. Cranes
Cranes are used to lift heavyweights. It is used to shift material from one place to another palace. Skilled operators are required to operate cranes.
I would recommend reading my article on What is Crane? Its Types and Uses.
3. Backhoe
Backhoes are another popular piece of equipment suitable for a variety of purposes. The name itself suggests that the hoe arrangement is provided on the backside of the vehicle while the loading bucket is provided in the front. This is very useful when digging trenches below machine level and the front bucket can be used for loading, unloading, and lifting material.
4. Forklift
The forklift is powerful construction equipment. Forklifts can be used to transport materials over short distances. They are used to transport bulky items around construction sites or warehouses.
This helps to lift as well as transport items that are too heavy for a person to lift. Forklifts have become an indispensable piece of equipment on any job site.
5. Bulldozers
A bulldozer is another type of earthmoving equipment used to remove topsoil to a certain depth. Soil removal is carried out using a wide metal plate with sharp edges in front. These plates can be lowered or raised using hydraulic pistons. Widely used to remove weak soil or rock layers or to lift the soil.
6. Compactors/Rollers
A compactor or roller is used to compact material or surface. Different types of seals are available depending on the sealing purpose. Rollers with soft wheels are used to compact shallow layers such as soil or asphalt. Both foot rollers are used for deep chopping. Pneumatic rollers are used to compact fine soil, asphalt layers, etc.
7. Telehandlers
A telehandler is lifting equipment used in construction to lift heavy materials to a required height or to provide a construction site to a higher height worker. It includes a long telescopic boom that can be raised, lowered, or forwarded. At the end of the telescopic boom, various types of devices such as forklifts, buckets, cabins, lifting booms, etc. can be attached according to the work requirements.
8. Feller Bunchers
A feller buncher is heavy woodworking equipment used to remove large trees in the construction industry. It is convenient for loaders and dumps trucks to come by cutting down trees and holding them without falling and gathering all the cut trees in one place.
9. Dump Trucks
Dump trucks are used on construction sites to transport bulk materials from one site to another or to a landfill. Typically, off-road dump trucks are used on large construction sites. This off-road truck is equipped with large wheels with large material space, allowing it to haul massive amounts of material in all ground conditions.
10. Pile Boring Machine
Pile boring machines are used to drill holes in construction sites to install prefabricated piles.
11. Pile Driving Machin
Another heavy equipment used on construction sites is piling equipment when laying pile foundations. The equipment lifts the stakes, locks them in place, and pushes them into the ground to the required depth. Various types of piles are available, including pile equipment, pile driving hammers, and hammer guides. In any case, piles are driven into the ground by tapping the tops of the piles, and this is done by hydraulic or lowering methods.
12. Paver
Asphalt pavers are paving equipment used in road construction. The pavement has a feed bucket where the dump truck continuously loads the asphalt, and the pavement spreads the asphalt evenly across the road surface with a little compaction. However, once the asphalt layer is laid, a roller is required for perfect compaction.
13. Wheel Tractor Scraper
A wheel tractor scraper is earthmoving equipment used to level the soil surface with a scraper. The front part contains a wheel tractor and the rear part contains scraper units such as horizontal front blades, conveyor belts, and soil collection boxes. As the blade descends to the ground and the vehicle moves, the blade begins to dig the soil above the blade, and the excavated soil is collected in a hopper along a conveyor belt. When the hopper is full, the rear end is lifted off the ground and the hopper is dumped in a soil dump.
14. Trencher
A trencher is used to dig a ditch in the soil. These trenches are commonly used for pipeline laying, cable laying, drainage purposes, etc. There are two types of trenchers: chain trenchers and wheel trenchers. The chain trencher has a fixed long arm on which a digging chain is provided. A wheeled trencher has a metal wheel with teeth around it. Wheeled trenches are more suitable for excavating hard soil layers. Both types of trenchers are available in both tracked and wheeled versions.
15. Loaders
Loaders are used on the construction site to load the material onto dumpers, trucks, etc. The materials may be excavated soil, demolition waste, raw materials, etc. A loader contains a large-sized bucket at its front with a shorter moving arm. The loader may be either tracked or wheeled. Wheeled loaders are widely used in sites while tracked or crawled loaders are used in sites where wheeled vehicles cannot reach.
16. Dragline Excavator
A dragline excavator is another heavy equipment used in construction that is typically used for deep earthworks. It consists of a long boom and an excavation bucket suspended by cables from the top of the boom. Port construction, underwater earthmoving, sediment removal in reservoirs, etc. can be done with a dragline excavator.
