Table of Contents
Introduction of Hydraulic Intensifier
A hydraulic intensifier is a mechanical device used to increase the pressure intensity of liquids. It harness the energy of large volumes of liquids at low pressure. Some hydraulic machines require high pressures to operate, and this high pressure cannot be achieved with a pump.
Some of these hydraulic machines are hydraulic presses, hydraulic rams, hydraulic jacks, etc. These machines require high pressure for this operation in order to achieve the required amount of pressure. A hydraulic pressure booster is installed between the pump and the implement.
There are two types: single-acting and double-acting. Only single-acting hydraulic intensifiers are described here. That means it delivers high pressure fluid only during the downstroke. Double-acting hydraulic intensifiers provide high pressure on both strokes. In general, a normal intensifier can increase the pressure strength of liquids up to 150-160 MN/.
Working Principal
Such a machine can be constructed by mechanically linking two pistons, each operating in separate cylinders of different diameters. Since the pistons are mechanically linked, the force and stroke length are the same. If the diameters are different, the hydraulic pressure of each cylinder will change at the same rate as its area.
Smaller pistons generate more pressure. Since pressure is inversely proportional to area, it is inversely proportional to the square of the diameter.
The working volume of the intensifier is limited by the stroke of the piston. This limits the amount of work that can be done with one stroke of the amplifier. These are not reciprocating machines (i.e. multi-cycle machines running continuously), so all the work he has to do in one stroke. This somewhat limits its usefulness for machines that can complete the job in one stroke. They are often used when a powerful hydraulic jack is required, but usually lacks sufficient space for the required cylinder size, lifting capacity and system pressure. Using an intensifier mounted on the outside of the jack gives you higher pressure, so you can use a smaller cylinder for the same lift. Intensifiers are also used as part of machines such as hydraulic presses where higher pressures are required and an adequate supply is already available.
Some small intensifiers have a stepped piston Designed with. It is a double-ended piston with two different diameters, each working with a different cylinder at each end. The overall length is more than twice the stroke, and the design is simple and compact. Additionally, two seals should be provided, one for each piston, and the area between them should be vented. When the volume pressure between the pistons is lost, the engine effectively becomes a single piston with equal areas on both sides and the booster effect is negated.
Application/Uses
- Hydraulic intensifiers are used to provide high intensity high pressure on demand.
- It is used when pump is not sufficient to provide the high pressure intensity required.
- Hydraulic Presses, Hydraulic Rams, Hydraulic Cranes, Hydraulic Elevators, etc. Most widely used where high pressure is required to lift loads.
Benefits
- Hydraulic intensifiers are compact devices that are very easy to use and control.
- It can be mounted directly on the hydraulic machine if desired.
- Compact and energy-saving equipment.
- It is an inexpensive device if you pay attention to its features. Simple and economical operation can save a lot of money. It can be said that the work is easy, the operation is safe and economical.
- It operates at high speed and can be easily started and stopped as required.
- Since it is easy to link with the pump, it can be installed between the pump and the hydraulic machine.
- It is very easy to use and control.
- Provides constant force and pressure throughout the working process.
Drawbacks
- The main drawbacks of hydraulic intensifiers are the same that occur mainly in all other hydraulic systems. It’s a liquid leak.
- The hydraulic fluid used is corrosive and can damage the machine.
- Another major drawback is the potential for ignition of spilled liquids. So work properly and try to avoid the slightest leaks.
- This system needs a lot of maintenance.