CNC machine is a Computer Numerical Control machine. It is used to perform various tasks such as drilling, milling, turning, etc.
In the CNC manufacturing process, pre-programmed computer software dictates the movement of factory tools and machinery.
The CNC manufacturing process is used to control a specific range of complex machine grinders and lathes to mills and routers. CNC machine cuts 3-dimensional objects.
Table of Contents
Parts of CNC Machine:
- Input device
- The machine control unit (MCU)
- Machine tool
- Driving mechanism
- Display unit
We will discuss parts of the CNC machine in brief.
Input Device:
Input devices in the CNC machine are utilized to feed the program into the machine. Older CNC machines used punch tapes or magnetic tapes for program input, nowadays, they have been replaced by digital ones called CNC controllers.
The machine control unit (MCU):
The machine control unit is the brain of the framework which gets input, measures it, and afterward executes the program likewise. The MCU is fit for controlling the instrument development, controlling the driving framework, turning ON/OFF the different capacities like turn ON/OFF axle, turn ON/OFF the coolant, and so on.
Machine Tool:
The machine tool is one of the essential segments of the CNC machine. The part plays out the activities to change over the raw material into the completed item. The machine instrument is controlled by the MCU.
The machine device pushes ahead, upwards, downwards, and so on; in this manner eliminating the material from the workpiece gradually. What amount should be the axle speed, when will the coolant turn ON/OFF, what amount should be the feed rate? these boundaries are determined by the administrator as code and consequently, the machine device works in like manner.
Driving Mechanism:
The driving mechanism comprises a drive engine and ball leadscrew course of action with a criticism system. The MCU signals the engine to pivot, this, thus, turns the ball leadscrew which is associated with the drive engine.
The table slide whereupon the workpiece is set for machining is mounted on the lead screw. So as the lead screw pivots the table slide moves forward and backward appropriately.
A feedback system is set toward the finish of the lead screw to flag the MCU about the changes. This empowers higher precision in the table slide development.
Display Unit:
It is a screen that shows the info, output, and other valuable system data and settings.
Types of CNC Machine:
- CNC Mills
- Lathes
- Plasma Cutters
- Electric Discharge Machines
- Water Jet Cutters