Table of Contents
Introduction Of Gravity Dam
Gravity dam is used to push the water back due to the weight of the material and the resistance of the foundation. Gravity dams are made of stone masonry.
See the below image of gravity dam.
The purpose of the heavy-weight stone aggregate is to hold back water, defying horizontal pressure. Each section of a gravity dam is made stable and independent of every other section of the dam.
Description
Gravity dams require a strong rock foundation to bear the high amount of load. A strong foundation is very important for the overall stability of the structure. The rigid nature of the gravity dam structure does not allow differential foundation subsidence which can cause cracks in the dam structure.
The stone masonry is water resistance which helps it to withstand during high water pressure. The gravity dam can easily withstand during small floods. Old gravity dams cannot withstand high intensity floods. Nowadays, gravity dams are designed to withstand large floods.
Types Of Gravity Dam
There are two types of gravity dam. First is concrete dam and second is composite dam.
Concrete dam consist of concrete as a main element while composite dam consist of concrete and filler materials.
Design Consideration For Gravity Dam
The soil is cleared to allow construction activities on the land. Geotechnical report of soil is prepared on the basis of various soil tests. The type of foundation is decided based on the bearing capacity of the soil. It is necessary to stop soil erosion in time. This allows water to flow around and below the dam. In some cases, there is a substantial basis for reaching these goals.
Benefits of a Gravity Dam
- It is suitable for small valley.
- The expense of upkeep is considerably less.
- Such dams provide a lot of height flexibility.
- There is no sudden failure of the dam.
- There is no seepage.
FAQ
What Is Hoover Gravity Dam?
Hoover gravity dam is a concrete arch-gravity dam in the Black Canyon of the Colorado River.
What Is Arch Gravity Dam?
An arch gravity dam is a particular kind of dam that narrows as it arcs upstream, directing the majority of the water pressure against the canyon’s rock walls.
What Is Anti Gravity Dam?
Anti gravity dam is a special type of dam where gravity doesn’t work. Example: Hoover Dam in Nevada, USA.